Network address translation (NAT) is a method of remapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. The technique was originally used to avoid the need to assign a new address to every host when a network was moved, or when the upstream Internet service provider was replaced. 1.11.1 Updated Frequency Synthesis Using Fractional Divide in the MMCM, page 73 by changing 0.125 degrees to 0.125. 1.11.2 Fixed broken link in three references to 7 Series FPGA Data Sheets on page 73 and page 74. 1.12 Added the Spartan-7 FPGAs and the Artix-7 (XC7A12T and XC7A25T) devices where. Loopback 1.1.7 – Route audio between applications. Loopback makes it easy to pass audio between applications on your Mac. Create virtual audio devices to take the sound from applications and audio input devices, then.
Prerequisite: install Node.js
If you haven't already installed Node, download and install Node.js. For best results, use the latest LTS (long-term support) release of Node.js.
Warning: LoopBack does not support Node.js versions prior to 4.x.
Install LoopBack tools
Prerequisite: install Node.js
If you haven't already installed Node, download and install Node.js. For best results, use the latest LTS (long-term support) release of Node.js.
Warning: LoopBack does not support Node.js versions prior to 4.x.
Install LoopBack tools
Although in theory, you could code a LoopBackapplication from scratch, installing a LoopBack CLI tool makes it much easier to getstarted. It will scaffold an application that you can then customize to suityour needs. For more information, see Command-line tools.
You have two options for LoopBack tools:
You can also use the legacy StrongLoop CLI tool slc.
Install LoopBack CLI tool
To install the LoopBack command-line interface (CLI) tool, enter the command:
This installs the lb command-line tool for scaffolding and modifying LoopBack applications.For more information, see Command-line tools.
Install IBM API Connect v5 developer toolkit
IBM API Connect is an end-to-end API management solution that uses LoopBack to create APIs, and provides integrated build and deployment tools:
- Integrated experience across the entire API lifecycle, including API and micro-service creation in Node.js and Java.
- Self-service access to APIs with built-in developer portals and social collaboration tools.
- Unified management and orchestration of Node.js and Java for deployment on-premises and in IBM Cloud.
- Built-in security and gateway policies with extensive security options and governance policies.
For more information, see IBM API Connect.
IBM API Connect v5 developer toolkit includes:
- The graphical API Designer tool that you can use to create and modify LoopBack applications.
- The
apiccommand-line tool for scaffolding and modifying LoopBack applications.
To install IBM API Connect v5 developer toolkit:
For more information, see Installing the API Connect Developer Toolkit. Cachecleaner 1 4 – clean the caches of your mac.
Important:If you are an IBM customer, for technical support see the IBM Support Portal.
Updating your installation
Update your installation with this command:
If you encounter any problems, you may need to perform a clean reinstallation. Follow these steps:
Next steps
Follow Getting started with LoopBackand read LoopBack core concepts.
Overview
LoopBack is built on Express and implements Express' routing system. However, basic Express routing is limited only to a small portion of the functionality of LoopBack.A large part of LoopBack's features are implemented using its more detailed extension to the routing system.Understanding this system will help you understand LoopBack better and develop better LoopBack apps.
Summary of Express routing
For those not familiar with routing in Express, here are some key points:
Routing refers to the rules for capturing requests to the server, and the subsequent passing through and handling of requests through a chain of middleware functions.
A middleware function accepts three objects, the request object (
req),the response object (res),and the next middleware in the chain (next); in that order.You load middleware either using
app.use()or by assigning it as the callback function of aroute definition.Multiple middleware can be matched to handle the requests to a route,these matched middleware make up the middleware chain for the request.The request will pass through each middleware in the order they were loaded, unless one of the middleware in the chain terminates the propagation.
Any middleware in the chain may terminate the request propagation by sending a response back to the client.
A middleware can send the response to the request using one of the response methods in the response objector pass on the request to the next middleware by calling
next().If a middleware sends the server response, conventionally the request does not propagate further in the middleware chain.Any call to
next()will likely result in an error.A middleware function can also take four arguments. In this case, it is an error handling middleware.The parameters to the function in their order are: the error object (
err),the request object (req), the response object (res),and the next middleware in the chain (next).
For more details about routing in Express, see http://expressjs.com/guide/routing.html.
LoopBack routing
LoopBack implements the middleware pattern of request routing, therefore the concept of middleware and routing is the same as in Express.However, the Express aspect of routing is contained within the modified middleware chain generated by LoopBack.The extended routing details in LoopBack is best understood by understanding the LoopBack middleware chain.
LoopBack middleware chain
The LoopBack middleware chain is composed of middleware added to the chain in the following order, and the request passes through them in the given order.
Note: Expandrive 6 4 5 x 4.
Except 14, 15, and 16, the listed items refer to LoopBack middleware phases.
- initial:before
- initial
- initial:after
- session:before
- session
- session:after
- auth:before
- auth
- auth:after
- parse:before
- parse
- parse:after
- routes:before
- routes
- routes:after
- files:before
- files
- files:after
- final:before
- final
- final:after
A middleware loaded earlier in the chain gets the prior opportunity to handle the request.If it happens to send a response or fail to call next(), the request will terminate at it, and not propagate any further.
As evident from the list above, LoopBack takes control of the loading order of the middleware in the app, and prioritizes its relevantmiddleware over those loaded using Express' interface app.use(), components, or boot scripts.
Loopback 1 1 7 – Route Audio Between Applications Pdf Online
Note:
If you add middleware on the route or route:after phase, it will not execute after the route is matched.Instead, it will be ignored because the route was already matched.
Loopback 1 1 7 – Route Audio Between Applications Pdf Document
The middleware to be loaded during the middleware phases are configured in the middleware.json file of the app.The order of the phases in the file are semantic, and cannot be listed randomly.
LoopBack also supports custom phases.Custom phases can be defined in any position of the middleware chain, and may be used to prioritize over LoopBack's built-in middleware phases.
Loading middleware
LoopBack middleware are declaratively loaded using the middleware.json file,or imperatively using the app.middleware() method.
Express middleware can be loaded in the server.js file using app.use()or a route definition.
LoopBack components can load middleware using the reference to the LoopBack application instance.
Boot scripts can load middleware using the reference to the LoopBack application instance.
